Your Fall 2018 Newsletter

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Your vote counts in Limerick

The Limerick Waterways Ratepayers’ Association (LWRA) would like to remind all cottage owners on Limerick and St. Ola Lakes that you have the opportunity to vote in the upcoming Limerick Township Municipal election for Reeve (the 4 new council members have already been nominated and acclaimed, no election for those seats will be held).   You should receive in the mail a voting packet from the township, which includes instructions and procedures for online voting.   If you have not received this information packet, please reach out and contact the township office directly (613-474-2863), Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM, to confirm your eligibility to vote and procedures for voting.

The stakes for this election could not be any higher as we face two significant issues related to potential development in our township.   One is the longstanding Trident / Limerick Estates subdivision development, the other is the proposed “Pancon-Mcbride” Nickel, Copper and Cobalt metal mining project proposed and in exploration phase.   Both of these can have significant impact on our quality of life and recreational use of these lakes.

Because of this, we, the LWRA Board of Directors, endorse and recommend a vote for Michael Douglas-Hecker for Reeve.   Michael has multigenerational ties to the area, and has a longstanding and deep appreciation for the history of the Trident-Limerick Estates Development, having been present on Limerick Lake as a cottager since the inception of the original idea in the 1970’s.   We are convinced that as Reeve, he will ensure that any development at that site is conducted precisely in compliance with the agreed and existing special district zoning By-Law (Limerick Township By-Law 2010-18) covering the Subdivision Agreement and related documents.   As a long time cottager in the area, Mr. Douglas-Hecker is also aware of the incompatibility of a heavy duty mining and industrial land use with the significant recreational use resources of the township; and we believe he will use the resources of the township to influence those in the other branches of government (such as:  Hastings County Land Use Planning, Crowe Valley Conservation Authority, and the Provincial and Federal governmental Ministries) who oversee and do permitting that allow mining, or have environmental protection responsibilities.

Please take the time and effort to vote in this important election.   Michael Douglas-Hecker needs your support, and we need him as our advocate on the Limerick Township Council as Reeve.

Signed and passed September 23, 2018 by the LWRA Board of Directors at annual Fall meeting.

LWRA opposes mine

Mine Meeting Recap

by Jan McKillican

Following is a recap of the meeting recently held in the Limerick Community Centre on Hwy 620 to consider the proposed nickel-cobalt-copper mine.

The meeting was attended by well over a 100 people.  Many lakes in the area were represented including:  Wollaston, Dickey, Sweets, Steenburg and Limerick. Tempers were high and the first hour-and-a-half were largely unproductive.  Most of the attendees opposed the mine.  In the end, Pancon did share a high level business plan.  It was clear the Pancon CEO thought communication to this point had been better than it really was, e.g. land owners being unaware that their property would be staked, First Nations support (they had not been contacted), etc..  There is a local group led by “Monica Nikopoulos, a nearby landowner on #62, that was driving protest actions, e.g. picketing.

• Pancon is interested in these metals based on the future demand forecast for batteries in electric cars etc.
• The area has 20,000 metres of historical samples that are being used as reference and that have been stored in, Ministry of Energy and Northern Development of Mines (MENDM) in Tweed
• Baseline studies / geological mapping started in June – cutting paths in the forest
• Plan is to drill new targets in Q1/Q2 of 2019 (press release after Wednesday suggests this may now be later?)
• Pancon hired an environmental firm from Lindsay to do the environmental studies (they were hired Sept 6^th)
• There are several stages to creating a mine.  They are in stage 2 – exploration.  Based on work previously done, in my opinion, this stage will not last too long (generically they said exploration could be 3-14 years … I would say 2 due to previous work done)
• Once all paths are cut, additional drilling would occur which would required trenching to start that would allow large equipment to access drilling locations.  Over time, the trenches get bigger and bigger.  Once this is done, then geophysical work (conductive, magnetic) would be done using airplanes
• Pancon is the prospecting company – they would not be the company doing the mining should it get that far.
• When asked if they knew enough to say whether it would be open pit or underground they said “no”.  Their press releases suggest they like this project in part due to the “near surface” metals. They noted that the original, historical plan, had been an underground mine.

A presentation was also made by Ugo LaPointe who works for Mining Watch Canada – a government organization dedicated to ensuring mines are environmentally safe, writing legislation to manage mines, etc..   Key points to consider from his excellent presentation:

• Key risk in the mining phase is management of mining waste.  Less than 1% of the ground that would be dug up is actually refined.  Mining tailings and very big rocks are left behind.  The tailings can be created using water which then has to be managed for toxic waste; e.g. sulphur, heavy metals.  Based on the estimates of the amount of copper, nickel and cobalt, this operation would create approximately 5 million tons of waste.  The biggest risk in mining is the potential rupturing of dykes built to control that waste which consequently releases toxic waste into the local environment.  Downstream dykes are safer but often companies use upstream dykes as they are cheaper.  If there are dry tailings, then the issue becomes dust.
• Blasting during mining can change current watersheds by moving underwater aquifers.  Currently the watershed in the area flows into Nicolson Creek which then feeds into Dickey Lake.
• If open pit, blasting can be felt for up to 2 to 5 km away.  You can also hear the process for miles given the correct conditions, e.g. calm night.  Ugo LaPointe does not believe legislation is currently sufficient in Ontario for managing these concerns of open pit mines near people.
• Residents need to consider the financial health of the companies involved.  Will they have the funds to do the right thing?
  • Pancon is currently trading at 6 to 7 cents per share. They are a small junior company worth less than $10 million and have a $22 million deficit.  They would need investors.
• One key question people should ask themselves as they consider whether or not they support this potential mine is:  Is this the right place in Ontario to put a mine?  Is it the right place to put an open pit mine should that be the decision made?
• Should the local people decide to oppose the mine, there are 3 approaches:
  • Political – MENDM could deny and/or revoke permits
  • Legal – unite to hire a legal firm.  Hooks:  property rights, charter of rights, endangered species, First Nation rights
  • Corporate & Shareholders:  send letters to investor community.  Buy shares in the company so you have rights to attend Annual General Meetings etc.

Report on proposed mine

Summary Report on the McBride Nickel-Copper-Cobalt Exploration Project in Limerick Township, near Bancroft, Ontario, Canada

A project of Hastings Highlands Resources (HHR) & Pancontinental Resources Corp (PUC)

Joan Kuyek (PhD) & Ugo Lapointe (B.Sc.H.) for MiningWatch Canada September 2018

This brief report was prepared at the request of concerned community members and the Limerick Area Conservation Coalition. The purpose of the report is to look at key financial, environmental and technical risks regarding a nickel-copper-cobalt exploration project being undertaken by Hastings Highlands Resources ltd (HHR) and Pancontinental Resources Corporation (PUC) at its McBride Project in the Township of Limerick, near Bancroft, Ontario, in the headwaters of the Crowe Valley Watershed Conservation Area. A review of publicly available information reveals several serious technical, environmental, and financial risks for both the public and investors in this project:

1. The resource estimate is “historic,” and has not had a NI43-101 evaluation as regulated under the Canadian Securities Commissions; the project is not economically viable at this stage.
2. The externalized environmental and social liabilities are completely unknown and undocumented in the company’s reports to date, although this will certainly be a large, low-grade, waste producing, acid-generating mine if it is built (we currently estimate up to 5 million tons of potentially acid generating mine waste based on the company’s historical estimates).
3. The project is located in a very sensitive cottaging and tourism area, with a rich network of lakes, rivers and wetlands, that constitute both the economic base of the area and the backbone of a diverse ecosystem, home to fragile and endangered species.
4. Local opposition to the project is significant, including First Nation members’ opposition.
5. The ownership of the project mineral rights, as well as the contractual agreements with patent rights

   owners bring significant additional risks and need further investigation.

6. The two companies involved (HHR & PUC) have no history of developing or operating a mine.

   However, the current President and CEO of PUC is linked with mining projects in Asia that have a history of social and environmental problems, poor relations with some civic organizations and affected community members, as well as tax avoidance issues in Canada.

1. The Project

The claim area is south of Bancroft, just west of Hwy 62 and south of road 620 to Coe Hill, in the Beaver Creek watershed, which eventually flows into the Crowe River and then into Lake Ontario. It comprises 880 hectares.

This area was originally explored by Macassa Mines in the early 1960s, then Long Lac Mines, then Limerick Mines Ltd (LML), then Hastings Highlands Resources (HHR), controlled by Derek McBride. Pancontinental Resources (PUC) signed a three stage earn-in option agreement with HHR for the project in April 2018 to undertake the exploration and work necessary to produce a scoping study by year four, and a full feasibility study by year six (see below for more details on this option agreement).

There have been two technical reports on the project to date: one by Micon in 2004, and another by Robert Chataway in 2015, which did no actual exploration and relied on the historic drilling (a total of 106 holes) and other exploration activities undertaken by Macassa and Long Lac. Chataway makes it clear that he also relied on information given him by Derek McBride.

Exploration by these companies has indicated that there appears to be a U-shaped ultra-mafic deposit (created by volcanic activity) containing some amounts of low-grade nickel, copper and cobalt in sulphide minerals, although its depth and extent has not yet been established, nor its economic viability.1 The resource defined by this work is considered a “historic” resource, and must be further explored through extensive, systemic drilling and costing studies, etc. before any assumptions about its economic worth can be made. But if the current historic resources grading less that 0.8% Ni, 0.05% Co and 0.3% Cu were to be mined,2 they would generate over 5 million tons of mine wastes, most of it potentially acid generating due the sulphide minerals.

Although the most recent two companies (PUC & HHR) call it an “advanced” exploration project, it is still pretty early stages—but it could move into advance stages if PUC fully implement the option agreement terms. Pancon has now contracted P&E Mining consultants to undertake the first phase of the option agreement to up-date resource estimates and making them NI43-101 compliant with the Canadian Securities Commissions. 3

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2. Environmental and Social Risks

The McBride project is in the headwaters of Beaver Creek and of the Crowe Valley Watershed Conservation Area. This is a sensitive area, home to numerous wetlands, lakes and rivers, and providing essential habitat to many species of fish, mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians, including several threatened and endangered species. It is also an area that provides drinking water, is substantially populated by full time residents and cottagers, and offers recreational and tourism opportunities to thousands of Ontarians each year. The project is facing significant concerns and opposition by local and regional community members, including First Nation members. In July 2018, PUC hired Jeanny So Consulting, a small firm, to handle company communications with the local communities and governments, and to attempt to get a social licence to operate.

This sulphide deposit would clearly be acid-generating if extracted, and an advanced exploration project and/or a mine– will produce significant amounts (millions of tons) of tailings and waste rock and dust which are very likely to pollute lands and waters in the local area and downstream over the long term. One option for PUC-HHR would be to truck the ore to another milling facility in Ontario. But this option would still leave important volumes of potentially acid generating waste rocks onsite. Traffic will increase on the country roads and the mine and mill will draw on the existing power supply. Any jobs the mine or mill may create are likely to be filled by experienced miners or specialized workers from other mining areas in Ontario or Canada, but not—or very little—by local residents and cottagers. Mining facilities cannot be taxed by municipalities in Ontario (or very little).

As with any metal mining operations, one of the main technical, financial and environmental challenge is to contain the mine waste in perpetuity, ensuring that pollution never leaks into surficial or underground waters, and that the project is not subject to a catastrophic spill or other major environmental accidents. Zero risk does not exist and there are over a dozen mining spills reported in Canada over the last decade, including the Mount Polley mine spill in BC in 2014.

Although the project will require some permits for exploration, water-taking, waste discharges, closure plans, and other potential activities of the company, Ontario remains the only province in Canada that does not require a comprehensive environmental impact assessment for mining projects. The federal government may require an Environmental Assessment for mines with an ore production capacity over 3000 tones per day4, and for mines that affect Indigenous peoples.

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The Auditor General of Ontario (AGO) denounced the lack of mandatory environmental impact assessments in Ontario in its 2016 report: “The Act is 40 years old— and is, in fact, the oldest environmental assessment legislation in Canada — it falls short of achieving its intended purpose […] Ontario’s environmental assessment process needs to be modernized and aligned with best practices in Canada and internationally.”5 The AGO adds: “These projects—such as mining operations…—proceed without an up-front evaluation of the environmental impacts of the project. Such impacts can be extensive and can affect Ontarians for many years. For example, as of March 31, 2015, the government identified that it had a liability of $1.2 billion to clean up 47 contaminated sites that were caused by mining in Ontario over the years.“6

With an official government estimate of $3.1 billion in liability for both active and abandoned mines, a 300% increase over 10 years,7 MiningWatch reports that Ontario ranks first in Canada as having the biggest environmental liability in the mining sector.8 Meanwhile, both MiningWatch and the Auditor General note that Ontario generated less than 1.3 billion in mine royalties over the same period, and is offering one of the lowest—if not the lowest—effective tax rate in Canada (less than 6%).9

In a 2017 follow-up report,10 the AGO notes that Ontario still did not fully implement about 2/3 (66%) of its 2015 & 2016 recommendations, including:

•   mining projects in Ontario still not undergoing a provincial environmental assessment similar to the environmental assessments conducted in other Canadian provinces;
•   inspect all high-risk abandoned mines that have not been inspected in the previous five years to determine whether these sites pose risks to public safety;
•   develop an operational and financial short- and long-term plan to clean up mine sites posing a threat to human health and safety or the environment (similar recommendation in 2005 report).
•   require mining companies to regularly update their estimated mine close-out costs and the related financial assurance to reflect changing market conditions and changes to rehabilitation standards (similar recommendation in 2005 report);
•   reassess its practice of allowing certain companies to self-assure mine close-out costs (similar recommendation in AGO 2005 report);
•   inspect sites that have a closure plan in place on a regular basis to ensure the plan accurately reflects current mining activities on the sites;

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•   develop a strategy to make private owners aware of the requirement to rehabilitate abandoned mines on their land;
•   review and update, where necessary, the Province’s mining fees, taxes and royalty payments to ensure that Ontarians receive a fair share of the province’s mineral resources.

  It is crucially important that affected communities and Indigenous governments ensure that the onus of proving the project will have limited impacts on them falls on the company at the earliest possible point in the mining sequence. It is best to say ”no” until (and if) the company can prove itself to the affected peoples. Yet, at the end of the day, affected communities will need to take a position as whether, or not, to support a mining project based on fundamental trade-offs between potential benefits and inevitable impacts, and by asking: “Are the potential benefits worth the risks and impacts? And are there alternative conservation, or socio-economic projects that we should be supporting instead in this area?”.

  3. Mining Regulations & Community Rights

  Although Ontario operates under a ‘free entry’ mining system, which typically gives little legal discretion to the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines (MNDM) to stop mining projects at the exploration stage without facing costly litigations by the affected mining companies (which may be inevitable in certain situations), there are some specific provisions of the Ontario Mining Act and associated regulations that MNDM could invoke to deny, suspend or revoke permits, or require much stricter conditions. Below is a summary of MNDM’s powers, as well as of mining proponents’ general obligations at the exploration stage.

  Subsurface mineral rights and claims

 When recording new mining claims (now with an online system), which provides subsurface mineral rights to its holder, mining proponents must give written notice to surface owners within 60 days of having registered the new claims, otherwise the claim is invalid, unless MNDM waives this obligation due to impossibility to reach the surface owner (Mining Act, s.46). McBride’s project is constituted of a mixed of unpatented mining claims for which this obligation applies, and of patented (historic) mining rights belonging to a third party (e.g. surface owner) with whom HHR need to reach a contractual agreement to access.

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Exploration Plan

•   At least 30 days before conducting any exploration work on the ground, mining proponents must submit an Exploration Plan to MNDM and give notice to surface owners of their intention to submit an Exploration Plan to MNDM.11 MNDM must give notice to affected First Nations by sending copy of Exploration Plan. MNDM may require the proponent to consult with affected First Nations if they raised concerns about the Exploration Plan, or require an Exploration Permit with stricter conditions if First Nations and/or surface owners had concerns, or following MNDM’s own discretion and evaluation.
•   PUC-HHR currently operate under an Exploration Plan obtained in May 2017 and which is valid until May 2019. HHR (McBride) had to give notice to any affected surface rights owners of its intention to submit and Exploration Plan to MNDM in April 2017 or before. MNDM had to give notice to First Nations in April 2017 or before by sending copy of Exploration Plan. We do not know if this what done and if both First Nations and surface owners had sufficient time and information to make relevant comments to both HHR and MNDM.
•   HHR (McBride)’s Exploration Plan is registered on MNDM’s online table,12 which states HHR is intending to conduct the following work: Line cutting (LQ), Mechanized Stripping (SD), Pitting and Trenching (PC), Geophysical Surveys (GL). Under Reg. 308/12, Schedule 2, these works should respect the following conditions: line cutting that is a width of 1.5 metres or less; geophysical surveys on the ground; mechanized stripping a total surface area of less than 100 square metres within a 200-metre radius; excavation that removes less than 1 cubic metre of rock and up to 3 cubic metres of material within a 200-metre radius; use of a drill that weighs less than 150 kilograms.13
•   PUC-HHR could ask at any time to modify its Exploration Plan or to require an Exploration Permit for all, or part of the above mention works. MNDM can order to cease exploration activities if not respecting the conditions under an Exploration Plan (s.78.5 of the Act).

  Exploration Permit

 For exploration works that surpass a certain thresholds, or if required by MNDM at any time, mining proponents must obtain an Exploration Permit, which allows MNDM to require stricter conditions, or to deny, suspend or revoke the permits if conditions are not met, or in case of non-compliance. Thresholds that trigger a required Exploration Permit include: Mechanized drilling, Mechanized surface stripping of over 100 square meters within a 200-metre radius; Line cutting, where the width of the lines cut is 1.5 metres or more; Pitting and trenching that removes more than 3 cubic metres of material within a 200-metre radius.14

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 MNDM can deny granting a permit, or impose any conditions, considering: (i) the purpose of the Act, (ii) Aboriginal consultation issues, (iii) arrangements with surface rights owners. MNDM can also amend a permit at anytime considering the same issues, or require at anytime a permit for any exploration activities under an Exploration Plan ‘to address issues pertaining to (i) existing or asserted Aboriginal or treaty rights, or (ii) potential adverse impacts on surface rights interests, public health and safety and the environment (s.78.3). MNDM can suspend or revoke a permit if conditions are not respected (s.78.5). MNDM may also determine that surface owners or land occupants (not necessarily owners) are entitled to compensation for damages resulting from any prospecting, exploration and mining activities (s.79).

Advanced exploration & closure plan

 The above conditions do not apply for an Exploration Plan or an Exploration Permit if conducted on ‘patented’ mineral rights, which constitutes a portion (not all) of the McBride’s project area. Nevertheless, no matter what type of mining tenure is held, a mining proponent must meet additional requirements before engaging in advanced exploration, including filing a certified closure plan and financial assurance with the MNDM, give a notice to the public, and engage in consultation with affected First Nations before submitting a closure plan. Advanced exploration works include:15

o Exploration carried out underground or involving the reopening of underground mine workings; o Exploration that may alter, destroy, remove or impair any existing rehabilitated mining sites;
o Excavation of material in excess of 1,000 tonnes and surface stripping greater than 10,000 square metres or cubic metres within 500 metres, or of 2,500 square metres or cubic metres within 100 metres of a body of water.

At times, the MNDM, or another relevant ministry, under different legislations, such as the Ministry of Environment, with the support of the government, may take action to deny permit and face potential litigations, which may or not result in a costly settlement with the affected companies. Known mining settlements at the exploration stage in Canada have ranged from 5 to 60 million dollars, with an average of 5-10 million. A recent court decision (Eebatmatoong First Nation) did quash an early exploration permit because of inadequate consultation with a First Nation in Ontario.16 Future developments of this case are pending.

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4. Ownership of the claims and mineral rights

Since 2001-2, Derek McBride, a geologist, has been assembling the claim package for the McBride property, through option agreements with local land-owners who hold mineral rights and through staking his own claims. On the McBride property mining lands, unlike most of Ontario, the mineral rights have not been severed from the surface rights. Most of the property is either “fee simple pioneer land grants”- which includes mineral, timber and surface rights, or “patented mining claims” – which include surface and mineral rights. The exceptions are claims SO 1192524 and SO 4209 871 which are mining claims only. It is not clear whether it is Hastings Highlands Resources Ltd or McBride himself who owns the interest in the mining claims.

According to the most recent reviewer of the property (Geologist Robert Chataway in 2015): “The property consists of five option agreements on 41 fifty acre half lots in the surveyed Limerick Township; this equates to approximately 880 hectares (Figure1). Land titles are Fee Simple Grants, Patented Mining Claims with surface and mineral rights or mineral rights only, plus staked claims. HHR has put the land

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package together through a number of agreements with the land owners of the patented lands and in the case of crown lands these have been staked by HHR personnel. The parties to the agreements are detailed in Table 1 (below)”.17 The map below indicates the property and the ownership of claims within it (from the Limerick Mines MIC 2004, page 16).

The table below sets out ownership of the HHR holdings (from Chataway)

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Under the terms of the agreements, the property owners were to receive shares in Limerick Mines Limited when it became a publicly traded company and some advance payments on royalties, in return for McBride undertaking a “an evaluation of the mineral potential of the properties and an agreement to provide financing for their exploration and exploitation”18.

Limerick Mines Limited (LML) became a private company and ceased to report on the Securities Exchanges website SEDAR in April 2006, and no information is available about what subsequently happened to these agreements. By this time, McBride was no longer a director of LML and was involved in a lawsuit with LML. Although McBride’s interest in the claims appear to have been briefly held by Limerick Mines Ltd, a Superior Court lawsuit decided on April 25, 200519 to return the claims to “their original owners” (McBride and others). We could not find the actual decision in the Superior Court of Ontario files.20

According to the Limerick Mines Ltd Management Information Circular of 2004 (and the Micon Report), the agreements with patent and surface owners included:

•   Ten half-lot claim units owned by Ferne and Jessica Wilkinson and Lawrence Hobbs. An option

  agreement dated March 2002 with Derek McBride and Lawrence Hobbs provided that they would share the benefits of any future operations. The Limerick Mines Limited Financial Statements for 2005 stated that, subsequent to the statements, and the Superior court decision, Limerick signed an agreement with these property owners transferring the mineral rights to Limerick in exchange for $250,000 and a NSR of 2% if the property were brought into production. There is no publicly available evidence that these properties were transferred to HHR or Derek McBride, as McBride was no longer a director of LML by this time.

•   Walter Senyk and McBride agreed to a 50-50 partnership on the mineral rights to Senyk’s 10 patented mining claims
•   An agreement with Wilford Hindle, Richard Allen, Dale W. Byer, Reginald Dunford, Wayne Freeburn, Briad(?), D. Freeburn and Michael F. Keller which gave McBride a 30% interest in four claim units
•   An agreement with the Bradley Steenburg, Brian Steenburg, Alexander Steenburg and Travis Arnes (February 2004) “which added two pioneer land grants and one patented mining claim”.

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We do not know what the content of these agreements are, if they are still valid today, and what relevant information the owners had when they first signed them.

5. The Companies: Hastings Highlands & Pan Continental

Hastings Highlands Resources appears to be a private company, owned and controlled by Derek McBride and other directors (it is not listed publicly on SEDAR). Pancontinental Resources Corporation is a public company listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (Venture). Its trading symbol is PUC. Its head office and registration are in British Columbia. Address: 301-260 West Esplanade, North Vancouver, British Columbia, V7M 3G7.

Pancon (as it likes to call itself) started out as Maya Gold in 1997, became Centram Exploration, then Pancontinental Uranium, the Pan Continental Gold, and, on July 12, 2018, Pancontinental Resources Corporation. PUC currently has two 100% owned subsidiaries: Maya Gold Corporation (Honduras) and Palmetto Mining Corporation. It has only recently acquired exploration properties in Canada. It has three exploration properties adjacent to an older Glencore mining camp in Timmins and one in North Carolina.

Some directors of PUC have been involved with mines in Asia and in the Oyu Tolgoi Mine in Mongolia, as well as with some gold and uranium prospects in Australia. They do not appear to have experience in Canada, nor with nickel deposits. The companies involved in the Oyu Tolgoi Mine in Mongalia have a history of social and environmental problems, poor relations with some civic organizations and affected community members, as well as tax avoidance issues in Canada.21

Pancon is a junior mining company with no producing mines. As at June 30, 2018, the Company has: an accumulated deficit of $22,719,217 (December 31, 2017 – $21,646,398); a working capital surplus of $767,535 (December 31, 2017 – $369,589 deficit); and, incurred losses for the current six month period of $1,072,819 (June 30, 2017 – $763,389). 22 It has 139,500,200 shares issued and outstanding.23 As of September 5, 2018, they were trading at eight cents a share and worth less than 10 millions in market capitalization.

PUC is financed by the sale of its shares. Most of these shares have been sold through “private placements” and flow through shares, which enable investors to use exploration and development expenses to write down their own taxes.24 Says PUC: “Further funds will be required for the Company to continue as a going concern and fund its activities. The Company has not produced revenues from its

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exploration activities and does not have a regular source of cash flow. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain sufficient financing in the future or at favourable terms.”25

The companies seek to extract nickel, copper, cobalt, and also think there might be platinum, palladium, etc. Limited drilling to date has shown the first three minerals, but there was not money to conduct assays for other metals at the time. Two reports: Micon (2004) and Robert Chataway (2015) have reviewed earlier exploration results. Pancon has now contracted P&E Mining consultants to undertakeaNI43-101resourceestimate.26 TheongoingHHR-PUCOptionAgreementistoundertake the following:

1. an updated NI 43-101 compliant Technical Report;
2. a Scoping Study (Preliminary Economic Assessment) for mining; and
3. a Feasibility Study.

The terms of the option agreement are described as follows by PUC in their MD&A for June 2018:

On April 25, 2018, the Company entered into an option agreement with Hastings Highlands Resources Limited (the “Optionor”), pursuant to which the Company obtained the right (the “Option”) to acquire a 76% interest in the McBride Project. The Option may be exercised in three stages as follows:
a) First Option – to earn an initial 26% interest, the Company shall:

•   Pay $142,500 to the Optionor [McBride only?] on or before April 25, 2018 (paid);
•   Pay applicable annual property taxes;
•   Issue 500,000 shares to the Optionor upon receipt of TSX Venture Exchange approval (issued);
•   Incur expenditures of $1.5 million during the first year of the Option.

  b) Second Option – to earn an additional 25% interest, the Company shall during the second, third and fourth years of the Option:

•   Pay $142,500 to the Optionor [McBride only?] and property owners, annually and in aggregate;
•   Pay applicable annual property taxes;
•   Incur expenditures of $3.0 million in aggregate for the purposes of producing a scoping study. c) Third Option – to earn an additional 25% interest, the Company shall during the fifth and sixth years of the Option:

•   Pay $142,500 to the Optionor and property owners, annually and in aggregate;
•   Pay applicable annual property taxes;
•   Incur sufficient expenditures for the purposes of producing a feasibility study.

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In the event that the Company fails to exercise the Second Option then the initial 26% interest earned by the Company pursuant to the First Option shall revert to the Optionor. Upon the exercise of the Third Option the Company and Optionor shall form a joint venture and all costs and revenues shall be shared on a proportionate basis. The Company’s interest in the McBride Project may be increased to 90% provided the Optionor elects not to participate or fund its interest in the joint venture.

The McBride Project is subject to a 1.75% net smelter return (NSR) royalty. The Company reserves the right to purchase, prior to production, 0.75% of the NSR royalty (such that the remaining NSR royalty is reduced to 1%) for $1,000,000.

The management team for the McBride project is headed by Derek McBride, and includes PUC directors Layton Croft and Mark McMurdie as well as Kevin Filo who has worked with PUC in the past, which biography are included in appendix.

                            ____________________________

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Appendix – Key directors:

Mr. Thomas Layton Croft (From Bloomberg executive biography) is Chief Executive Officer and President at Pancontinental Gold Corporation. He served as Executive Vice President of Corporate Affairs and Social Responsibility (Mongolia) at Oyu Tolgoi. Mr. Croft had responsibility for communications, social performance and stakeholder engagement for the Oyu Tolgoi project. He is a senior corporate executive with diversified management and extensive Mongolia focused resource industry expertise with more than 12 years in senior roles with several Mongolia and Asia focused companies, including SouthGobi Energy Resources, as Vice President of External Affairs and Corporate Citizenship (Hong Kong), where he oversaw investor and public relations, government affairs and corporate social responsibility; The Asia Foundation as Resident Representative (Mongolia); and Peabody Energy, as Vice President of External Relations – Asia (Singapore). Having lived and worked in Mongolia for a total of 15 years beginning in 1994, Mr. Croft has deep knowledge of the Mongolia corporate, political and socio-cultural environments. He played a central role in strengthening relational and reputational elements of the companies he has worked with in Mongolia and the Asia-Pacific region, including success in building and protecting the social and political licences to operate at national, regional and local levels. He worked internationally for more than 22 years in corporate and public- sector roles in Asia, Latin America and Eastern Europe. He has been Non Executive Independent Director of Erdene Resource Development Corporation since July 2, 2015. Mr. Croft holds a BA from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, an MA from the School for International Training in Vermont and an MA from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University in Massachusetts.

Derek McBride (from Linked in)

Derek McBride has spent the last 40 years as a consultant to the international mineral industry. During that time he has discovered two mines for his clients. His work has taken him to 17 different countries and he has managed major exploration projects in seven of them. This experience has covered glaciated, desert and tropical terrains.

His early research work he was involved the lithogeochemistry of porphyry copper and the structure and stratigraphy of volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits. In recent years, his efforts have concentrated on gold and silver deposits. He has published numerous papers on mineral deposits and is a qualified person for NI 43- 101.
He is coauthoring a book, in press, from Elsevier (2015) titled “The Metallogeny of Lode Gold Deposits: A Syngenetic Perspective” which is a detailed examination of gold deposits, their formation and deformation in the orogenic gold environment.
Recent clients include: Khan Resources Inc., ValGold Resources Ltd., Stroud Resources Ltd., Cline Mining Ltd., Union Glory Gold Ltd., and Les Resources Radisson Ltd. and Cream Minerals Ltd.

14

Annotation

1 See Micon (2004) and Chataway (2015), page 22.

2 Pancontinental Resources states (http://www.pancongold.com/projects/McBride-Ni-Co-Cu-Project/default.aspx, consulted on Sept. 1st 2018):

“North Zone: 3.9 million tons grading 0.82% nickel, 0.054% cobalt and 0.25% copper; South Zone: 1.2 million tons, grading 0.30% nickel, 0.03% cobalt and 0.14% copper;

The foregoing Historical Resource estimates presented above were completed prior to the implementation of the NI 43-101 requirements; however, given the high quality of the historic work completed and the respective mining companies’ reputations and production history of the previous Project owners, Pancon believes the Historical Resource estimates to be both relevant and reliable.”

3 http://www.peconsulting.ca/

4 http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2012-147/page-3.html#h-1

5 AGO 2016 http://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports/en16/v1_306en16.pdf

6 AGO 2016 http://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports/en16/v1_306en16.pdf

7 AGO 2015 http://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports/en15/3.11en15.pdf and AGO 2005 http://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports/en05/309en05.pdf

8 https://miningwatch.ca/news/2015/12/9/wake-call-ontario-ranks-worst-canada-environmental-liability-mine-sites and https://miningwatch.ca/sites/default/files/table-1-environmental-liability-of-mine-sites-on-qc-bc.jpg

9 http://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports/en17/2017AR_v2_en_web.pdf
10 http://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports/en17/2017AR_v2_en_web.pdf. The AGO did note, however, progress

in the following areas:

•   hired a Closure Plan Co-ordinator to review all mine closure plans and ensure appropriate technical reviews have been completed by the relevant technical specialists;
•   improved its process to review a mine’s rehabilitation by its private owner before returning a portion of the financial assurance;
•   verify when it inspects progressive rehabilitation prior to returning a portion of the financial assurance whether mine

  development is still in line with the existing closure plan…;

•   annually publish the approved mine closure plans (for rehabilitation and restoration), including the estimated closure cost and associated financial assurance held by the Ministry;
•   adopt a risk-based process to regularly monitor and inspect previously inspected abandoned mines to ensure that the conditions at the sites are not posing a risk to human health or the environment;
•   develop a risk-based plan to inspect sites undergoing exploration work with the potential to have a negative impact on the environment.

  11 Reg. 308/12, s.6
  12 https://www.mndm.gov.on.ca/sites/default/files/exploration_plans_and_permits_table_aug24_2018.xlsx, see line 017 and Column F. 13 https://www.mndm.gov.on.ca/sites/default/files/exploration_plan_activities_e.pdf
  14 Schedule 3 https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/120308
  15 Reg. 240/00, s.3: https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/000240
  16 https://www.tbnewswatch.com/local-news/eabametoong-wins-court-challenge-to-exploration-permit-987611
  17 Chataway, page 4
  18 Limerick Mines Limited MIC 2004
  19 Limerick Mines Limited, Financial Statements for 2005, note 11.
  20 http://www.ontariocourts.ca/scj/decisions/

  21 See, for example, a 2016 report by Oyu Tolgoi [Mine] Watch, Bank Information Center, CEE Bankwatch Network and Accountability Counsel: https://bankwatch.org/press_release/water-disputes-persist-as-rio-tinto-pushes-ahead-with-second-oyu-tolgoi-mine, and a 2012 report by many of the same organizations: https://www.accountabilitycounsel.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/A-Useless-Sham- OT-ESIA-Review.pdf. See also Toronto Star, Jan. 31 2018: https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2018/01/31/the-canadian-company- behind-this-mongolian-mine-has-avoided-half-a-billion-dollars-in-taxes-report-alleges.html .See also, on some of PUC CEO history: http://www.consciousbeingalliance.com/2010/12/post-2

  22 PUC Financial Statements, June 2018, page 6 23 Ibid, page 3.
  24 PUC Financial Report
  25 PUC Financial, page 6.

  26 http://www.peconsulting.ca/

15

Meeting about mining

LWRA Members, supporters and all cottagers from the Limerick chain of lakes:

Please be aware that there is a public meeting scheduled for 4:00 PM on Sunday September 9, at the Limerick Township Community Centre (along Highway 620, between Highway 62 and Ormsby).   This meeting is being held by Pancon, a mining exploration and development company, to advise the public about their current and ongoing plans for the mining claim that they own in Limerick Township.   The claim sits inside the quadrant bounded by North Steenburg Lake Road, Highway 62, Highway 620, and Old Hastings Rd.   Parts of this area include drainage into Steenburg Lake, which itself then drains into the Limerick chain of lakes (and eventually out the St. Ola Dam).

We believe that it is important for cottagers and seasonal residents to be present at the meeting in as large of numbers as possible to raise their concerns and issues, and the be sure that they are heard early in this process.   It is expected that a number of elected officials (and candidates for office) or their representatives; from the Federal, Provincial and Municipal level will be in attendance in the room.  A strong show of support from the cottager community would be greatly appreciated.

For some further perspective, here are links to two recently published pieces from local news sources; there was also a lengthy front page article (print only, not available online) in the Wednesday August 29, 2018 edition of the Bancroft Times.

Bancroft This Week article on proposed Limerick Mine   http://www.bancroftthisweek.com/?p=9335&upm_export=pdf

Bellville Intelligencer article   https://www.intelligencer.ca/news/local-news/battle-brewing-over-mine-south-of-bancroft

Your LWRA Directors.

FOCA August 2018 Newsletter

FOCA Elert – August 2018 Safety & Risk Management Forest Fires Forest fires have prompted evacuations in parts of northeastern Ontario near Killarney (see media coverage from the past few days), and large parts of the province remain under fire restrictions as this Elert is being sent out. In the past 24 hours, the FOCA office received this email update from one of our member groups, the Carlyle Lake Cottagers Association: … our association is in the direct path of forest fire Parry Sound 33. Although we are 40 kilometres from the fire, our access via highway 69 may be closed within a day or two. If that happens, owners who live in the GTA may not be able to get home. We are monitoring it closely, and I can provide updates for you… Fire Map July 31, 2018 1:05pm Visit Ontario’s Forest Fire Info Map for fire updates and burn restrictions, and please, respect all fire bans in your area this long weekend. Program Update Aquatic Invasive Species FOCA has distributed funding and resources to the selected Association participants of our 2018 Aquatic Invasive Species (AIS) Program, and work is underway! Our AIS biologists are connecting with our member groups across the province for site visits and species inventories. For more about FOCA’s AIS Program, visit:  https://foca.on.ca/aquatic-invasive-species-program/ FOCA’s Gold-level Sponsors Sponsors support our work. Please, support them! Citizen Science Lake Partner Program Spend two minutes with FOCA’s Assistant Lake Stewardship Coordinator, talking about the importance of the work being done by our citizen science volunteers across Ontario, through the Lake Partner Program: Learn about the Lake Partner Program PS – In the interests of “sun safety” this video was filmed through UVA+B protective lenses. (Kidding. It was just a setting issue. We know it’s dark.) FOCA Publications 2018 Lake Stewards Newsletter The annual Newsletter was mailed last month to all the executives of our Member Associations. This year’s edition is packed with environmental and policy updates, as well as success stories from your fellow Associations. Please share the digital version of the Newsletter with everyone. It is available for free download here:  https://foca.on.ca/2018-lake-stewards-newsletter/ Policy Updates & Government Affairs Vote for your Future FOCA reminds members that municipal elections take place this October. Step 1: make sure you are registered to vote. Check online now:  https://www.voterlookup.ca/home.aspx What is your association doing this summer, to spread the word and get-out-the-vote? FOCA has a Vote Toolkit of resources you can use to fill a display table at a local event, plan an all-candidates meeting, make social media posts, and remind your members that they can vote in a municipal election wherever they own property. Contact the office for your copy of the Vote Toolkit. Now is the time to plan for this Fall! Get all the details from FOCA, here:  https://foca.on.ca/vote-for-your-future-2018-municipal-elections/ _______________ Meeting with the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario FOCA’s Executive Director was part of a small round table discussion and reception with the Lieutenant Governor, Elizabeth Dowdeswell, in the City of Kawartha Lakes on July 19th, talking about strong regional economies. Click the image at the side to see the LG’s Twitter post about the day’s events. _______________ Algonquin Land Claim – Recent Media Coverage FOCA’s Terry Rees was interviewed by TVO for a June 29th posting about treaty rights and cottage country. Link to the story, here: https://foca.on.ca/treaty-rights-in-cottage-country-2018/ _______________ Real Estate Values and Foreign Ownership Terry was also interviewed by TVO for a discussion about foreign-ownership of cottages. Link to the story, here:  https://foca.on.ca/foreign-ownership-in-cottage-country-2018/ _______________ Waterfront Property Owners & Local Economies We have been inundated with requests for digital copies of FOCA’s newest Report on Waterfront Property Owners and Rural Economic Development. Contact the office for your copy. There have also been radio interviews and newspaper coverage, and lots of online articles.  Here are a few highlights, in case you missed them: July 13, 2018 – CBC Ontario Morning with Wei Chen: “How cottage owners can contribute to local communities” (the interview with Terry Rees of FOCA starts at minute 34:00) July 29, 2018 – Financial Post – Business: “Canadians increasingly putting the ‘remote’ in working remotely. ” (by Ross Marowits, the Canadian Press) July 7, 2018 – Toronto Star: Business Journal – “Can cottagers keep Ontario’s lake regions afloat?“ We are posting links to all coverage related to the FOCA Report here:  https://foca.on.ca/wpo2018 – see “Media Coverage” half-way down the webpage. Please help us continue to share this news with others in your rural community! The main message: waterfront property owners can be an important part of the economic revitalization of our rural communities, through volunteerism, mentorship, investment and business creation. Special thanks to our colleagues at the City of Kawartha Lakes who have been widely sharing news of the study, and the opportunities for cottage country entrepreneurship. FOCA’s Silver-level Sponsors Lake Environments Great Partner Resources! We’re loving the poster identifying “Muskoka’s Least Wanted” species, created by the Muskoka Watershed Council (MWC) and the Ontario Invading Species Awareness Program. Take a good look, and be certain you’re not welcoming any of these invaders on your cottage country property: click the image to download a PDF copy _______________ Watershed Report Card Also this month, Muskoka Watershed Council released its fifth Muskoka Watershed Report Card, which provides a variety of ‘health’ and ‘threat’ factors for the region every four years. Get detailed information about your subwatershed, including infographics, story maps, and the background report, published online here: https://www.muskokawatershed.org/programs/report-card/2018-report-card/ _______________ Poll confirms Importance of Great Lakes Protection The International Joint Commission (IJC) released results of a new binational poll showing a rise in concern about protecting the Great Lakes from a variety of threats, including pollution and aquatic invasive species. 88% of respondents said it is “essential” to protect the Great Lakes, up 3% since the 2015 poll. Get details from the IJC, by clicking here. Events – Recent & Upcoming FOCA on the Road at Member Events June 30, 2018 – FOCA’s Executive Director, Terry Rees, spoke in Apsley at the AGM of our member Association, the Looncall Lake Cottagers Association. June 30, 2018 – FOCA’s past President, Terry Kennedy, spoke in Parham at the AGM of our member Association, the Long Lake Property Owners Association. July 7, 2018 – FOCA’s Vice President, Daryle Moffatt, spoke at the AGM of our member Association, Lake Bernard Property Owners Association. July 14, 2018 – FOCA participated in the AGM of our member Association, the Lake Kasshabog Residents Association. If you have an upcoming Association meeting, FOCA can provide you with a slide show or a handout to share about your member benefits, our current files and priorities, and other updates. Contact the office for details! _______________ FOCA Cottage Succession Seminar Series July 14, 2018 – the final summer session of FOCA’s Cottage Succession Seminars was held in the Kawarthas, hosted by the Cavendish Community Ratepayers Association. Estate lawyer Peter Lillico gave a talk titled: “Targeting Tax: Cottages and Capital Gains.” DVDs are available from FOCA for two of Peter’s talks: Keeping the ‘Family’ in the Family Cottage (the introductory seminar about Cottage Succession), as well as his in-depth discussion on creating a Cottage Sharing Agreement. Want to host one of these in-person events with FOCA and Peter Lillico in your region next summer? Now is the time to open up the conversation! Find out more, here: https://foca.on.ca/cottage-succession/. _______________ Phragmites Removal in Georgian Bay The Georgian Bay Land Trust invites you to, “be a conservation hero and help us remove this invasive reed from Georgian Bay’s wetlands and shorelines!” Join at either location: August 8+9 at 10am each day at Giant’s Tomb, and August 10 at 10am at Sandy/Ingersoll Islands. ________________ Ontario East Municipal Conference September 12-14, 2018 – FOCA will be presenting at the Ontario East Municipal Conference about our completed research project, “Waterfront property owners as economic development contributors in rural Ontario.” As described above, we have had a flurry of media coverage about the results of our report, which identifies waterfront owners as an important part of the future for rural communities. Find out more, here:  https://foca.on.ca/wpo2018 _______________ SAVE THE DATE! Saturday, October 27, 2018 – the FOCA Fall Seminar for Lake Associations will be held in Toronto at the Boulevard Club. Feature topics will include: cottage country preparedness in the face of extreme weather, and what you can do at your own waterfront property to prepare an overview of septic inspection programs in Ontario and a Lake Partner Program update. This seminar is an annual event where lake association representatives can connect with one another, hear expert speakers and collect valuable information. Mark your calendars; registration details will follow later this summer! FOCA’s Bronze-level Sponsors Regional Notices Septic Re-inspection Program Open House Thursday August 2, 2018 – the Township of Sewlyn invites residents to review details of the planned municipal septic system re-inspection program for systems that are 10 years old or older. You are urged to attend and provide your feedback at a public open house from 6-8pm on August 2, at the Council Chambers of the Municipal office at 1310 Centre Line, Selwyn. _______________ Learn about your environmental rights CELA (the Canadian Environmental Law Association) is holding two free sessions on environmental issues and the ways local residents can get involved in environmental decision-making. Plan to attend! Click for details: Thursday, August 2, 2018, event in Thunder Bay Thursday, August 9, 2018 event in Timmins, in conjunction with the Friends of the Porcupine River Watershed _______________ To Muskoka – without the Road Rage? starting Friday, August 3, 2018 – A pilot program has been launched for August 2018 weekends, through a collaboration between Metrolinx and Ontario Northland. The route utilizes rail travel from Union Station in downtown Toronto to Barrie, then transfers to bus to Gravenhurst, Bracebridge and Huntsville, ending in North Bay. Details, timing and (surprisingly affordable) prices are here:   http://ontarionorthland.ca/en/go-muskoka-service _______________ Kahshe Craft Show and Sale Sunday, August 5th, 2018 – the Kahshe Lake Ratepayers’ Association (KLRA) reminds residents that the Association will have a booth at the craft show at Rockhaven, so you can easily renew your membership! There will be a Book and Bake sale on the veranda, and donations to each are welcomed. Photo Contest entries will be on display, and winners announced and prizes distributed from the stage at 12:00 noon. Click here for the KLRA web notice. _______________ Lake of the Woods Water Quality Meeting Wednesday, August 15, 2018, Kenora –  Public meetings will highlight “science to action” and efforts to protect and restore Lake of the Woods water quality. You are urged to attend this meeting to engage directly with the government officials and scientists, including the International Rainy-Lake of the Woods Watershed Board of the International Joint Commission, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, and Environment and Climate Change Canada. Download 1-page notice (PDF). _______________ Help protect water in Mississippi & Rideau Valley watersheds Apply by August 27, 2018 – The Mississippi-Rideau Source Water Protection Region (MRSPR) is seeking Source Protection Committee members interested in protecting municipal drinking water sources in the Mississippi and Rideau Valley watersheds. The MRSPR Committee, established in 2007 as a result of the Province’s Clean Water Act, guides local efforts to protect drinking water at the source, and is made up on 1/3 municipal, 1/3 economic and 1/3 public sector representatives. The Committee is looking for 2 reps to liaise on behalf of industrial, commercial or small business interests, as well as 2 public sector reps to liaise on behalf of general public, environmental, First Nations and non-governmental organization interests. “If you have experience and knowledge in one of these two sectors and have an interest in protecting drinking water sources we hope you will apply,” said Brian Stratton, MRSP Project Manager. Click here to find descriptions of roles and responsibilities, and an application form. Association Tools Member Benefits Do your members know about all their FOCA benefits? In addition to FOCA’s ongoing work on behalf of waterfront Ontario, members have access to discounts, special offers and more! Review the details online:  https://foca.on.ca/member-services/benefits/ or download a print version. (PDF, 2 pages) NOTE: to print a copy that includes the MEMBER ACCESS CODES for these offers, you will need to use your FOCA web Login on the Benefits webpage. Don’t have your Member Login? Contact the office for assistance. FOCA is the Federation of Ontario Cottagers’ Associations, the voice of the waterfront for over 50 years info@foca.on.ca    |    705-749-3622    |    https://foca.on.ca Stay Connected with FOCA:      Didn’t receive this message in your Inbox? Join 10,000 Elert subscribers: Click here to get free FOCA Elerts   FOCA believes everyone has the right to hear about issues that affect waterfront Ontario.  Those who have an existing relationship with FOCA may receive email from us, based on principles of Express or Implied Consent in Canadian Anti Spam legislation. You can unsubscribe from Elerts at any time, using the ‘Safe Unsubscribe’ link below.

Federation of Ontario Cottagers’ Associations,#201 – 159 King Street, Peterborough, ON K9J 2R8 Canada

Your 2018 LWRA Newsletter

The 2017 Sailboat Race

The beautiful trophy finally came home for crew members Alan Coxwell, Nancy Harvey and Sam Coxwell in the 2017 Brian Cofell Memorial Sailboat Race. Since its creation in 2005 this trophy has been sheltered all but one year down on the Hannah’s Maintenance Point. The late Brian Cofell managed to take it over to the north shore one year after high winds blew his Hobie Cat over the finish line in first place.

The 2017 Race Recounted

by Alan Coxwell

In our annual August long-weekend sailboat race on Limerick Lake the first buoy you need to turn around is actually the two islands. Yes, I laid out that course many years ago much to the chagrin of some serious sailors but the fickle winds behind the islands always adds a touch of interesting uncertainty to the race. Sometimes you even get to chat with your competitors in peaceful waters.

The sailors that have snatched this race from our crew so many times were boom-to-boom with us as we headed through the very narrow cut behind the islands in 2017. Good-sized whitecaps were chasing us all the way to this point wing-on-wing.

We made the decision to tack first, risking getting becalmed in close to the island, but we had gained some ground by the time our arch rivals decided to give chase and we were soon heading out into the open waters of the lake again. As we were hit by strong gusts rolling down the length of the lake my crew of two and I were scampering up on the side of our Hunter 18. We managed to get her under control and headed for the buoy on the far side of the lake, about a mile away. With the sails set and our course a straight line I glanced back just in time to see our closest competitors get blown over as they emerged from behind the island. Even though it seems unsportsmanlike to cheer at such a turn of events we could not help ourselves. Had there been champagne aboard we might have popped it … but probably not, as that would be sure to jinx us.

They had turtled their boat so I knew we had a big opportunity to take a substantial lead. However, these guys and gals are serious racers who are usually out on Lake Ontario every Wednesday evening doing battle with members of their sailing club in Cobourg. Their friends, in a sleek red boat with Apple Turnover painted on its bow (upsidedown), slid around their swimming pals and were soon in hot pursuit. Apple Turnover has won the race several times over the last few years and so, had we had champagne, we would have left the cork in place.

It was a strange weather summer in this neck-of-the-woods in 2017 with rain a constant factor to consider in anything you were doing. I usually have all of my hay in the barn by mid-June but this year I did not even cut any until the first of August because it would just not stop raining! So, naturally the clouds opened up as we headed out to the middle of the lake. Totally drenched in ice-cold rain we were glad we at least had lifejackets to keep us warm. At one point we were betting whether it was going to start snowing. Then the Sun came out, the clouds drifted away and the wild wind went down to a wimper. Suddenly our lifejackets came off again as it became a very tropical, slow motion race with Apple Turnover intent on the chase.

By the time we turned the second buoy and headed for the starting line buoy we were almost in the doldrums. But there was another nasty black cloud just over the western treeline which held some hope for a second-round turnaround. As we crossed the starting line for the islands once again the wind began to pick up a bit but now it had changed direction and was gathering steam from the south. Apple Turnover was about 50 yards behind us as we slid into the complete calm behind the islands. There we sat, almost motionless while watching Apple Turnover, still out in the wind, close the gap down to maybe 10 yards.  But they were now becalmed too and in slow motion we again slid up to the end of the island decision point. How soon should we tack? By the time our crew of three finally made a democratic call based on the very different wind direction this time around Apple Turnover had decided to risk the shortcut closer to the island. On our wider reach we picked up the wind as they struggled on the shorter route close to shore. Heading out into southerly whitecaps far enough to clear the island in one tack we watched as Apple Turnover caught the wind and Bang! down she went. But with no transom, and experienced racers, she was soon righted and emptied of water and on the chase yet again. Meanwhile their buddies in the Blue Bayou boat had been pulled into the island with some apparent difficulty and never rejoined the race after their initial turtling exercise.

Apple Turnover headed deeper into the bay where the south winds were picking up. She was obviously trying to get an angle where one run would take her to the buoy on the far side of the lake. We soon realized we were not going to make it without tacking higher and as much as we did not want to we tacked and headed straight for Apple Turnover. After we had closed that head-on gap as much as we dared we turned again and headed for the  far buoy. Apple Turnover soon did the same and the race was serious once again as Apple Turnover is a fast little boat with just two aboard. She was gaining ground. If we had misjudged and needed to tack again their strategy was going to deny us the trophy yet again.

That big black cloud from the western horizon had moved in by now and started to unleash its winds. The pace picked up and about half way to the buoy I turned to see if Apple Turnover was still gaining ground. She was not. Apple Turnover had lived up to her name and her sailors were scrambling back aboard yet again. They had not given up and we had not yet turned the buoy for the final leg home. Please Mother Nature … do not make us tack again!

Until you cross that finish line a sailing race is not over. A few years ago I remember a sailing buddy from across the lake sliding past me on the final stretch in very high winds. He had slowly disappeared behind my sails and then suddenly he was rapidly moving in the opposite direction past me with his mast lying in the water. Based on that experience I was taking nothing for granted this time until we finally crossed that finish line. And we did soon after. We had outrun Apple Turnover.

Every year is a different race and this one was very different indeed.

That was last year. The 2018 Brian Cofell Memorial Sailboat Race is just around the corner with a start time of 2 pm sharp on Sunday, August 5. The winners will get to keep the trophy in their cottage until the 2019 race. So, if you have any kind of a sailboat, or if a neighbour has one and needs an encouraging crew member, please feel free to join in the fun. I still have my old Albacore sailboat looking for someone to give it new life if you should be interested in adopting it! No gasoline necessary.

Hazardous Disposal Day